Fast Food Chains And Customer Satisfaction Essay - 1721 Words

Competitive Indicators There are many fast food chains operating around the world today. They are operating in the same competitive environment. Fast food chains have been competing with each other since the 1950s. Competitors in the fast food industry compete with each other on key attributes like price, service quality, access, product selection, innovation and customer satisfaction. Fast food chains around the world frequently engage in price wars. They lower their prices in order to gain more market share. Fast food chains change their menu in order to appeal to different target markets. Fast food chains use aggressive advertising in order to attract new customers. Fast food chains fight for market share and work to increase the service quality and customer satisfaction. In regards to service quality, it is a very important part of customer satisfaction. High levels of customer satisfaction may lead to the retention of customers and it also creates positive word of mouth for fast food chains. Research has shown that customer satisfaction is a very important indicator of customer purchase behaviour. The fast food industry works hard to keep their existent customers and to attract new customers by providing high service quality and customer satisfaction. Thus, in the saturated fast food industry, service quality has become the key of survival for fast food chains. However, the service quality attributes that influence customer satisfaction in the fast food industry notShow MoreRelatedCustomer Satisfaction of Fast Food Chains5562 Words   |  23 Pagesrelationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty in the fast food industry: With relationship inertia as a mediator Ching Chan Cheng1, Shao-I Chiu2, Hsiu-Yuan Hu3* and Ya-Yuan Chang4 Department of Food and Beverage Management, Taipei College of Maritime Technology, No.212, Yen Ping N. Rd., Sec. 9, Taipei City, Taiwan. 2 The Center for General Education, Taipei College of Maritime Technology, No.212, Yen Ping N. Road, Sec. 9, Taipei City, Taiwan. 3 Department of Food Technology and MarketingRead MoreKfc Service Quality925 Words   |  4 PagesSERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN KFC CHAINSTORES The purpose of this study is investigating the service quality of KFC chain stores and how the service quality affect customer satisfaction based on the theory of â€Å"service quality† and â€Å"customer satisfaction† and the Customer satisfaction survey in website: talktokfc.com. We do the literature reviewson some important concepts to make clearer about the service quality and the level of customer satisfaction in KFC chain stores in order toRead MoreA Brief Note On The Fast Food Industry Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pages2.3 Fast food sector The commercial activity has a great importance in Mà ©xico, independently of the different categories on the market, especially in the fast food sector, since the remarkable growth in the sector sales has been accelerated, as well as the amount of companies where this sort of products are promoted and commercialized. The fast food market is constituted by the companies, as well as small ones or transnational, dedicated to the manufacturing of food consumption products; in thatRead MoreMcdonalds Production and Operations Management1038 Words   |  5 Pagesmanagement and operations, companies are able to integrate new and effective means of running their respective businesses. In turn, these strategies results in an increased profit of sales, stable market position and greater levels of customer loyalty. In the fast food industry, businesses such as McDonald’s must establish certain business and marketing strategies. Primarily, the main goal of McDonald’s, just like any other organization is to sustain their competitive advantage in the global marketRead MoreMeasuring Service Quality : A Case Of Restaurant Chain1135 Words   |  5 Pagesof Restaurant Chain Introduction The hospitality industry is constantly enhancing its services to retain their customers. Potential customers are more likely to revisit a restaurant if the received service fulfils their satisfaction. Specifically, Indian hospitality industry is the most diverse as compared to rest of the world culturally speaking. According to the research article provided, multibillion-dollar fast-food chains are slowly but surely overtaking the Indian fast food industry, theRead MoreFinding Out The Satisfaction Of Students From Whiteria Regarding Their Taste And Preferences Towards Fast Food Essay1156 Words   |  5 Pages Fast food does not only mean to prepare food and serve quickly but it also satisfy the consumers in terms of their taste and preference. Even in many restaurants after serving the food to the customer, restaurants ask the customers to fill up a survey form to know their customers taste and preferences and also their satisfaction level. The main objective of this report is to find out the satisfaction of students from Whiteria regarding their taste and preferences towards fast food. The surveyRead MoreCorporate Level Of The Mcdonalds1329 Words   |  6 Pagesthe acquisition of other fast-food franchises and a few discrepancies in the McDonalds menu. (Hartley, 2014, p.75). But as I conducted further research, I have come to the understanding that the issues, which plagued McDonalds was not entirely, company wide. While McDonalds was able to thrive internationally with a few minor setbacks, their issues were with the United States market. According to Robert Harley’s analysis of the McDonalds corporation, the restaurant chain did face diminished growthRead MoreMcdonald s, Burger King And Wendy s I Started1302 Words   |  6 Pagestheir main economic characteristics, secondly looking more in depth at the competition and driving forces, and lastly their key success factors. They have been striving to make changes to increase market shares as well as trying to dominate a global fast food industry by competing in the products, places, prices, and promotions they offer and geographic markets as well. These competitors mature at different life cycles whether it be from growing in the existing market opportunities, developing new diversificationRead MoreEssay about Competition Among Fast Food Chains1639 Words   |  7 PagesCompetition Among Fast Food Chains MARKETING INFORMATION NEED FOR THE FAST FOOD INDUSTRY To begin with, for the fast food industry around the world, the leading fast food chains; marketing information is wrapped around from convenience location, changing preference, quality of food, pricing of fast food, potential customers, age of the customers, menu selection and diversification and last of all superior service. From marketing perspective, LOCATION for the fast food service toRead MoreFive Guys Burger1601 Words   |  7 Pagesusing out of box and simple solution to gain success in market. Five Guys’ philosophy setting apart from other fast food chains By careful reading of the Five Guys’ case study, I think quality product and customer satisfaction is the main philosophy of the Five Guys burger. According to Jerry Murrell We need to concentrate on the quality of our product, and the satisfaction of the customers. Five Guys maintained its philosophy of quality product for instance freshly prepared bun, fat free meat and

Assess the Importance of Employability Free Essays

Assess the importance of employability, and personal skills in the recruitment and retention of staff in a selected organisation. Introduction In this task, I’m a going to talk about the importance Importance of employability is to refer a person’s capability for gaining and maintaining employment. For personalities, employability depends on the knowledge, skills and abilities they possess, the way they present those assets to employers, and the context e. We will write a custom essay sample on Assess the Importance of Employability or any similar topic only for you Order Now g. ersonal conditions and labour market environment within which they seek work. As such employability is affected by both supply side and demand side factors which are often outside of an individual’s control. This will make Burger King Employment much better by giving out these particular things. Suitable qualifications: Knowledge and skills that a candidate must have to be eligible for the job. Burger king will require candidates to have good qualifications, so they’re can upper come the duties and position at the job. Certain qualifications such as GCSE, degrees, diploma and training courses having the ability to speak another language terms that would otherwise be interpreted broadly. They don’t have a suitable qualification to work at burger king because it isn’t really important to the company just that they need to have Maths and English. Without these qualification employers cannot employ Experience in a similar role: All candidates must have an experience in another fast food retailer E. g. Mac Donald’s, so that burger king can know if that person is good enough for the job. They must have experience in a similar role to what they did in Mac Donald’s, dealing with customers keeping the cooking area clean. (Asses) Knowledge of products/services: Burger King Employers must have knowledge of the products, because that can mean more sales. It will be difficult to sell to consumers if Burger King couldn’t show how a particular product would address to a customer needs. So Burger King Employers will need to have good communication skills, having an understanding of the products to use different techniques and methods for presenting the product to customers. (Asses) How to cite Assess the Importance of Employability, Papers

Compare And Contrast Ancient India And Ancient China Essay Example For Students

Compare And Contrast Ancient India And Ancient China Essay The World is forever in debt to China for its innovations. Ancient China was extreme advance and many of its discoveries are still in use today. This is what Robert Temple, the author of The Genius of China 3000 years of science, discovery and invention. The book is based on 11 main parts of Chinese innovation. Within these 11 categories, there are 3 main parts that contain the most significant inventions. Robert Temple concentrates the bulk of his examples in these three categories, agriculture, domestic and industrial technology , and engineering. Temples examples were not limited to these fields of innovation. The Chinese excelled in many other areas, including mathematics, warfare and transportation, to name a few. Although Temple wrote about eleven fields of invention, I feel that these three sections contain the greatest examples of Chinese innovation, and the debt that the modern world owes China. The first main area is the field of engineering. Within this chapter, the development of iron and steel is the greatest achievement. The development of iron and steel led to other advances. By at least the 4th century the Chinese have developed blast furnaces to obtain cast iron from iron ore. This was 1200 years before the first blast furnace showed up in Europe. The reasons that the author gave to explain the reasons why the Chinese developed this technology are simple. The Chinese had access to large amounts of clay, the key ingredient in making blast furnaces. The Chinese also figured out that by adding a substance they called :Black Earth, they could lower the melting point of iron. Another major invention of the Chinese, that led to other achievements, is steel. The common belief today is that Henry Bessemer discovered the process of refining iron into steel. The fact is Chinese had developed the process to refine iron into steel in the second century BC The Chinese learned that by injecting oxygen into the blast furnace, they could remove the carbon from the iron. The Chinese called this process the hundred refinings method since they repeated the process that many times. The finished product was highly prized in China for its strength and ability to hold an edge on a sword. The Chinese would weld the steel onto weaker iron thus creating a strong edge and a superior weapon. The Chinese iron and steel workers were the best at making different types of metals into modern times. But then, no one else could have done so at the time, since iron existed nowhere else but in China. The Chinese invented the chain pump in the first century AD The chain pump allows water to the pumped from lower to higher elevations. The chain pumps were used for draining and pumping in civil engineering, but what is more important is it was used for irrigation. Irrigation allows for greater and more intense farming, thus resulting in a better crop yield. With the greater crop yields larger populations can be supported. The chain pump was exported to all parts of the world by way of visiting ambassadors and dignitaries. The first European chain pump appeared in the sixteenth century, and was a direct copy of the Chinese version. The second area of great Chinese achievement is in domestic and industrial technology. The most recognized Chinese invention is in the field of domestic and industrial technology, paper. Paper was invented around the second century BC and was used as clothing. One might not believe that paper could be used as clothing, but the paper made at that time used thicker and tougher paper fibers. Not only was paper used for clothing, it was also used for military body armor. The Chinese found out that pleated sheets of paper could stop the penetration of arrows. The paper armor was standard issue with Chinese land and sea units. Papers writing property was not discovered till about one century after its discovery. The earliest example of writing on paper was found an abandon military post. .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 , .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 .postImageUrl , .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 , .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9:hover , .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9:visited , .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9:active { border:0!important; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9:active , .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9 .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufb4fb0bf756c6e4fbb4f9303f2fc1bf9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Journalism From China with Love Graduate Admis EssayThe paper found dates back to 110 AD and contained two dozen readable characters. The area that let China grow and expand was the innovations in the area of agriculture. The greatest achievement in the field of agriculture is row cultivation and intensive hoeing. In Europe, as with the rest of the world, they practiced scatter seed farming. Scatter seed farming is the practice of throwing the seed onto the fields at random. By throwing the seed randomly, half the seeds would not grow and make it impossible to weed the field. The Chinese on the other hand, planted individual seeds and rows, thus reducing seed loss. The planting of crops in rows also allowed for intensive hoeing, which in turn reduce weeds. Another major advancement in the field of agriculture is the seed drill. The seed drill complements the row farming of the Chinese. The seed drill is a device that plants the seed into the ground. It replaces the farmer to plant the seeds by hand, thus allowing the farmer to plant more acreage. The first seed drill was introduced to Europe in sixteenth century, 3500 years after the Chinese had invented it. In conclusion, I believe that the author has proved his original idea, that the modern world is in debt to China. The author has given many examples of Chinese innovation and intelligence that are seen in use today. Chinese innovation in agriculture has not only allowed the Chinese to grow, it has also allowed the modern world to grow. The growth of these other countries is directly linked to the inventions that they copied from the Chinese. Many of the Chinese engineering feats are still practiced today. The process of refining iron into steel is still used today, though the process has been refined. The suspension bridge, invented by the Chinese in the first century AD, is still the bridge of choice when one has to span a great distance. The greatest area of Chinese invention is in agriculture. The Chinese excelled in farming, not only did they discover the seed drill, they discovered row farming that is still used today. I would recommend this book with one wants to read about the past glory of China and the huge potentional of the future. It gave in-depth views into each Chinese invention, while not over doing the techical explaination. The Author is clear and concise on his point, the modern world is in debt to the Chinese. He gave many examples of Chinese invoation, and how the rest of the world copied the Chinese. Not did the rest of the world copy Chinese inventions, they claimed that they were the first to invent it. The author opened my eyes to the greatness of anicent China. What the author, Robert Temple, did do gave me even more reason to respect China.

Sport Psychology Essays - Behavioural Sciences, Applied Psychology

Sport Psychology In our society today it seems like sports rule the land. Everywhere we look, there is some kind of sporting event going on or being televised. Almost everyone could be considered a fan of at least one sport. Some people follow sports like a religion. With such an increased focus on sports, the athlete's performances are put under a microscope. This puts more pressure on athletes to give a winning performance. No longer do athletes play for fun, they play to win. This isn't happening just on the professional level; it is happening on all levels of sport. From little league to backyard football, the goal is to win at all cost. With this increase pressure, athletes are looking for more and more ways to better their performance. One such way, which is now gaining popularity, is Sports Psychology. Though this isn't a new field, its popularity is just beginning to take off. There is still a lot of skepticism about the validity or worth while of the practices used. The following is a review of a number of articles that outline different studies done that show how athletes can improve their performances. The articles were found using a database search of PsychInfo. Keywords such as increased performance, psychological practices, and sports were used to narrow the search. What is Sport Psychology? Over the years there have been many different definitions offered as to what Sport Psychology is. One of the best ways to look at it is to ask what does a psychologist do? A psychologist does a variety of things. They provide psychological assessment, crisis intervention, and psychological service. Just to name a few broad areas. All of these are areas that can also be useful to an athlete. A lot of the tools used by a sport psychologist are adapted directly from clinical psychology. Concepts such as Freud's Psychodynamics, Caltel's Personality Test, and The Piagetial Cognitive Theory are widely used. (Sloubanov, 1999) All of these are critical tools used by a sport psychologist to assist an athlete with his or her problem. Sport psychology involves preparing the mind of an athlete, just as one prepares the body. Sport psychology is an emerging field in the worlds of psychology and athletics. What Methods are Used? The problem that an athlete is facing will dictate what type of approach a sport psychologist takes. Issues such as motivation, self-efficacy, and depression are common in the athletic arena. (Miserandino, 1998, p. 287) Athletes can also suffer greatly from anxiety and stress. (Holm, Beckwith, Ehde, Tinius, 1995, p. 463) Any of these conditions can be detrimental to ones competitive ability. Techniques such as mental imagery training and relaxation techniques can be used to attack problems in these areas. (McKenzie, Howe, 1997, p. 196) Marianne Miserandino's research was focused on failure, and why athletes believe that they don't accomplish their goals. She learned that starting at young age, athletes are told that failure comes from their lack of ability. This is called learned helplessness. (Miserandino, 1998, p. 287) In her study she approached this problem by splitting her subject into two groups. One group received feedback about their shooting techniques and were told that lack of effort was the reason for missed shots, not lack of ability. The other group received only feedback on their techniques. After her 4-week study was done, the group that received the positive reinforcement showed more mastery of the skills and greater improvement than their counterparts. (Miserandino, 1998 p. 286) Another study also used basketball free throws as the basis for its study. Craig Wrisberg and Mark Anshel did this study. It looks at the effectiveness of applying cognitive techniques to improve performance of shooting free throws. (Wrisberg, Anshel, 1989, p. 95) Participants in the study were asked to shoot a number of free throws to provide a baseline for the study. Over the next three days, the athletes were giving instruction in between shooting sessions. They were introduced to mental imagery as a way to help with their shooting. The results showed a significant improvement in shot percentages of the players. (Wrisberg, Anshel, 1989, p. 99) The Holm, Beckwith, Ehde, and Tinius study also looked at the use of cognitive approaches to athletic performance. They we interested in the role of stress and anxiety. College athletes were split into two groups. One group participated in daily two-hour group sessions that introduced them to a variety of cognitive-behavioral interventions. These methods were discussed and practiced. The subjects were also asked to do a homework assignment outside of

Managers Vs Leaders Essays - Social Psychology, Free Essays

Managers Vs Leaders Essays - Social Psychology, Free Essays Managers Vs Leaders The business sector in todays society is increasing rapidly, and with this increase comes the need for more people to manage and lead the growing companies, but this growing need also raises some potential questions: Can anyone become a leader or a manager? Is there a difference between the two? Can people be trained to become leaders or a managers? Just like many other questions that might be asked in business; these questions have no one, definite answer. Lets begin first by acknowledging the definitions of the two root words; the word manage means to handle, where as the word lead means to go. Similarly as the two words have different definitions, they also have different purposes. To help individuals increase their potentials in business, an internationally recognized motivational speaker by the name of Marc Sanborn has developed certain theories that, much like in science or art, prove some things to be more true than others by providing supporting facts to prove the validity of certain ways of thinking. Many of Marcs theories validate the fact that in general, good managers tend to be good leaders, but good leaders are not always good managers. It is said, Any company that cannot imagine the future wont be around to enjoy it. Therefore before any manager or leader can affect changes in their business they have to do what Marc describes as visioning; they must mentally look into what they want to see as the potential outcome of any given situation. Managers are concerned with the problem at hand; they focus on what has to be done. Leaders on the other hand, notice what has to be done, but spend their time figuring out how to get it done. Marc states managers vision the destination, leaders vision how to get there. To be an effective leader it is important to focus on the gritty details of a situation, look for opportunities and how to achieve them. Visioning cannot be taught but can be developed. Marc suggests people start from the end and work backwards, or think to themselves what will this team accomplish because of me? Leadership is all about taking an organization to a place it would not have otherwise gone without you, in a value-adding, measurable way. When you vision, you think your way into a situation and it is the approach in visioning that separates managers from leaders. - 1 - Visioning however is not the only method that separates managers form leaders. The different strategies used by managers and leaders in terms of their use of human

How To Cure Writers Block (With 200+ Creative Prompts)

How To Cure Writers Block (With 200+ Creative Prompts) Have you ever found yourself wondering how to get rid of writers block? Many writers have asked me how I deal with it. The thing is though, I dont really believe it exists. When a writer says, I have writers block, theyre actually just stuck. And being stuck stinks, doesnt it? In this post, I want to organically help you find your way out of being stuck. By the end of this post, youll know how to find inspiration so that youll be able to refresh your writing. Youll have absolutely no reason to feel stuck or afraid of the blinking cursor. Youve got this. Lets dig in. Table Of Contents Is Writers Block A Legend Or Is It Real? First Off Why Are You Stuck? Types Of Brainstorming And How To Find Your TopicWhat Happens When You Say Bye To #WritersBlock? (100+ Creative Writing Prompts) via @devinberglund Is Writer's Block A Legend Or Is It Real? When all is said and done, writer's block is really just a mixture of feeling stuck, having a lack of good planning, and maybe a hint of procrastination, which throws us into the downward spiral of being stuck. Which is usually when writers say, "I have writer's block!" I  love what writer, Neil Gaiman,  says about writer's block: â€Å"If you turn around and go, ‘I am blocked,’ this is just something writers say because we’re really clever. It sounds like it has nothing to do with you: ‘I would love to write today, but I am blocked. The gods have done it to me,’† he said. â€Å"And it’s not true. Cellists don’t have cellist block. Gardeners don’t have gardener’s block. TV hosts do not have TV host block. But writers have claimed all the blocks, and we think it’s a real thing.† It makes sense doesn't it? Cellists do not have cellist block. Gardeners do not have gardeners block. #writing #writersblockEver since I heard him say that, I knew he was right. I know that I've given myself the excuse that I can't write because I'm blocked. When in actuality, it's because I haven't planned out what I am writing well enough. That's what caused me to be stuck in the first place. That's probably also what is causing you to be stuck, too. An unhealthy dose of "being stuck" + lack of good planning + procrastination = Writer's Block Imagine if you got your foot stuck while hiking. Would you just lay down there and say, "I can't move because my foot is stuck?" If you got your foot stuck while hiking, would you quit? #writingNo... you wouldn't. I know you wouldn't. You'd get your foot unstuck. And that is what you have to do when you get stuck with your writing. Instead of saying, "I have writer's block," it's important to see the culprit behind the phrase writer's block for what it truly is. You are stuck. But, you might be asking me, "But Devin, how do I get unstuck? I'm really struggling here." I totally know how you feel, so here are some helpful ways to get unstuck. Being stuck is hard, but you can always get unstuck. Being stuck is hard but you can always get unstuck. #amwriting #writersblockBack To Table Of Contents First Off... Why Are You Stuck? Take a good look at your situation. What is it that is causing you to be stuck? 1. Are You Scared? Whether you are scared of what people will think or scared of being great, I can only think of what  Marianne Williamson said about fear: Our deepest fear is not that we are inadequate. Our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond measure. It is our light, not our darkness that most frightens us. We ask ourselves, Who am I to be brilliant, gorgeous, talented, fabulous? Actually, who are you not to be? You are a child of God. Your playing small does not serve the world. There is nothing enlightened about shrinking so that other people won't feel insecure around you. We are all meant to shine, as children do. We were born to make manifest the glory of God that is within us. It's not just in some of us; it's in everyone. And as we let our own light shine, we unconsciously give other people permission to do the same. As we are liberated from our own fear, our presence automatically liberates others. When you shine your light you give other's a chance to do the same. #writing #amwritingSo what are you scared of? Start writing. Pro Tip: Get out some paper. Ask yourself: "What am I scared of?" and write it out. No one ever has to see your thoughts. This is for you. 2. Are The Words Just Not Coming? Sit down and brainstorm. Keep reading for some awesome brainstorming tips that help me when I am stuck. Are you completely into what you are writing? If not, are you procrastinating from finishing the project you are working on? If you are working on (or procrastinating on working on) a project that needs to be finished, follow Nike's slogan "Just do it"! Stop painfully waiting for it to write itself. Pro Tip: Set a timer for 20–30 minutes and dedicate that time to just typing it out. Get that blog post or article done. Recommended Reading: How To Write More  Content To Increase Your Blogging Schedule Whether it's for work or your own writing, it's important that you continue doing the work.  I went to a writing conference a few years ago and saw this video. It clearly pictures what happens when we've gotten past the "inspiration" part of writing something or working on a project. A time comes when you have to just get into it and finish it. It's hard, but you can do it. (Promise me you'll watch this video. It's seriously amazing!) A Note On Inspiration:  Writers usually work really well when they're inspired, but once the inspiration goes away and you are left with bringing the project to completion, that's usually when people claim that they have writer's block. Or that they are stuck. That's just a sign that you need to pull on the work boots and muck into the deep of it all so you can finish your work. Write and finish it. 3. Are You Trying To Make It Too Perfect? There comes a point in every writer's life where we have to ship what we've written. Are you grasping onto your writing and worried that it isn't perfect? If you said yes to any of these points, follow me to the next section. You'll soon be unstuck with plenty of brilliant ideas. Pro Tip: Share your writing with a co-worker, friend, or someone else in your niche. Ask for their honest opinions. Take those to mind. Make a few last-minute changes. Send it out. Ship it. It's Time To Get Unstuck Here are some things that'll help you get unstuck so you'll be able to continue creating awesome content. Do You Know Your Project Well Enough? Ask yourself these questions: How well have I planned out my project? How well do I know about the things I'm trying to write about? If your answer is that you don't know, then it's time to open the books and website pages to research your topics a little bit better. How well do I know about the things that I am trying to write about? #amwritingGet Offline To Get Unstuck Unstick your brain by  getting off the computer. Go for a walk and get some fresh air.  Stanford researchers  found that walking really improves creativity.  You'll be amazed when ideas come to you while your away from the desk. So make sure you bring your phone with you so you can take notes if ideas come to you. In The Power of Full Engagement, Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz said that: ...between 90 and 120 minutes, the body begins to crave a period of rest or recovery. Signals include a desire to yawn and stretch, hunger pangs, increased tension, difficulty concentrating, an inclination to procrastinate or fantasize, and a higher incidence of mistakes. Pro Tip: Set an alarm on your phone or smart watch so that it will buzz every 90 minutes to alert you to get up and move. Here are some other ideas on what you can do to get some energy away from the computer: Write by hand with pen and paper. Take a water break. Implement essential oils into your day. Lemon is great for  re-energizing yourself and lavender is awesome for relaxation. Eat something healthy. Something like fruit. Take a short nap if you can. Even a 20-minute nap would help. Go out to eat lunch at a new place. Change up your surroundings. Pro Tip: Start a walking group at work to build energy  and  encourage movement. Write Something Else To Unstick Yourself If you're finding it really difficult to work on what you're writing, switch it up and spend a little time writing something else. You can do this by: Writing For Social Media How To Make Writing For Social Media Work For Your Business 8 Social Media Best Practices That Will Save You 25.5 Hours In A 2-Week Sprint What Is The Best Placement For Successful Social Media Buttons? Free Social Media Plan Template To Become A Social Media Rockstar Writing For Email 21+ Easy Ways To Build An Email List That Will Skyrocket By 552% In 1 Year The Complete, 4-Step Email List Building Strategy That Will Make You Successful The Ultimate Guide To Creating An Email Autoresponder Course 5 Easy Lead Conversion Tips For Your Email Marketing Program Writing For  Content Upgrades How To Plan A Content Creation Process Your Small Business Can Actually Achieve How to Use Content Syndication To Boost Your Subscribers In No Time How to Get Your Content In Front Of The Right Audience At The Right Time 10 Ways To Increase Your Subscriber Count (Without Tricking People) If you want more examples of what kinds of content upgrades do well, make sure you check out our Resource Library! Back To Table Of Contents Types Of Brainstorming For Getting Unstuck One way you can get to know your project better is by brainstorming. It's a creative way get more ideas. It also really helps with this so-called "writer's block". When I’ve been writing a lot and staring at a computer screen, I need to turn off the computer. I grab my favorite pen and notebook, and then I find a nice sunny spot where I can brainstorm and write. There is just something special about writing by hand and seeing the ink soak into the paper. I think it really helps you sort things out in a deeper way. Paul Bloom, Yale psychologist, said, â€Å"With handwriting, the very act of putting it down forces you to focus on what’s important... Maybe it helps you think better.† That's so true. Sometimes you might be hashing out all your ideas on the computer, and when nothing comes together, you give up on the post. It’s so easy to throw the towel in and walk away from an unfinished project that has potential, but that lost its shiny excitement. If you ever feel stuck, get out your notebook and pen. Brainstorming takes many different shapes and forms. First though, you need to figure out what you are writing about and why. Finding Your Topic What problem are you trying to solve for your audience? If I wanted to write this post "8 Social Media Best Practices That Will Save You 25.5 Hours In A 2-Week Sprint", what would the problem be? The problem I'd want to solve is= "My readers are spending too much time on social media when they'd really like to be working on the things that are truly important to them." My next step would be to think about the steps they'd need to "save time on social media". You can also do this, too. Start by following these steps: Pick out a problem that you want to solve. Then write out the steps it would take to solve that problem. The steps will look something like this: Step one that'll help them. (These steps will turn into your subheads.) Step two that'll help them. Step three that'll help them. After you've figured out the skeletal  system for your post, you'll be able to flesh it all out. Go in depth and make it actionable. Say Bye To "Writer's Block" By Making A List You can do this two different ways. Either you could brainstorm a list of things that are related somehow and put those into a blog post, or you could use this brainstorming activity to help you create a list of different writing ideas. Pro Tip: If you're trying to come up with the content for one article, make sure that it all fits into a certain topic. So focus your ideas, themes, tips, or steps so that they fit into that idea. Steps to brainstorming with a list: Sit down with your pen and paper. (Or whatever kind of note-taking utensils you like brainstorming with.) Set the timer for 5 minutes. (When you set a timer, this will help you whip out your ideas quicker. You'll spend less time hmmming and humming about what you actually want to write, and you'll spend more time actually writing.) List out all the things you'd like to write about. Remember, it can be anything. (Or list out everything you want to put into a single post.) Once you're done with the brainstorm, pick an idea and flesh it out. Recommended Reading: This Is The Ultimate Blog Writing Process To Create Killer Posts Do you remember drawing out mind maps in elementary school? #writing #amwritingMindstorming With Mind Mapping We've all done this kind of brainstorming at one time or another. Remember those bubbles that you used to draw in elementary school that would connect to other bubbles filled with similar ideas? It's still pretty much that simple. It's a great way to get your ideas all out in front of you. Are you ready? Set a timer for 5 minutes. Write down the problem point in the center of the page. Draw a bubble around it. Now, think about what things will solve that problem. Write those down and connect the ideas with lines. For each of the points that help you solve the problem, try to come up with 3-5 bubbled points that will actionably walk your readers through solving the problem that you want to help them with. Recommended Reading: 4 Simple Brainstorming Techniques That Will Help You Write Killer Content Use Content Mapping To Keep Your Blog Moving Forward 1-Sheet  Brain Dump Take all your thoughts on a certain topic and write them down on 1 sheet of paper. You can also do this to come up with tons of great writing prompts. For this kind of brainstorming, you don't need an outline. No bubbles or lines leading to other points. Unless of course, you want to do that. This is a safe place to just percolate on your ideas. Write it all down. Steps To The 1-Sheet Brain Dump: Set a timer for 5 minutes. Write down all your ideas on one sheet. There is no format to this type of brainstorming. What is important is that you get all your ideas out on paper. It is a massive brain dump. Ever record your brainstorm sessions? Speak out your thoughts and write them later. #amwritingSpeak Out All Your Ideas This is a form of brainstorming that I use to come up with fresh and exciting writing prompts. It will also help you flesh out your ideas quicker. Ever thought of brainstorming out loud? If not, follow these steps: Get your tape recorder or your smart phone recorder. Record yourself talking about your post ideas and what you'd like to do to help your audience figure out the answers to their problems. When you're done recording yourself, listen to the recording. Type everything out. You'll probably find out that you'll want to press pause a lot since other ideas will come back to you. You'll be amazed by how much more you'll  write. Pro Tip:  You can also do this again once you've written your outline. Read it out loud while recording it. You'll get more ideas on where to fill in the blanks. And your writing will run much smoother. Brainstorming on your computer? Now I know that sometimes brainstorming works perfectly on the computer, and for those moments, you don't want to brainstorm on paper- just go onto the computer. There are many great places to brainstorm on your computer and online.  Here are some great programs that I love using: Scrivener:  It is a great program  with many different settings for writers. If you haven't heard of it, make sure you check it out! Index Cards:  A wonderful app that allows you to organize digital index cards in a way that will help you sort your thoughts. You can also sync your index cards to Scrivener. SimpleMind+:  It's an app that you can use on your iPad to make mind mapping  easier. :  I really love working with when I am brainstorming a new project. Use To Brainstorm Your Posts There are so many great ways to use for brainstorming your blog post ideas. It gives writers a way to organize their ideas and follow through with publishing them. Steps To Brainstorm In : Open a stand-alone content in the app. If you have any links, photographs, graphics, infographics, gifs, or memes that you'd like to put into your post but don't want to lose them in between the time that you write the post and publish the post, you can just upload them into the comments section. It makes it so much easier so that you don't have to search around online or through your files to find the images or graphics at the last minute. If you brainstorm or write your blog posts in Evernote or in Google Docs, there is a way you can convert those into WordPress. Isn't that awesome? I love this function. Recommended Reading: The Ultimate Guide To Using You can also write your brainstorming/outline in the content editable area of 's stand alone content. Another awesome thing about brainstorming in is that you can automatically get your brainstorming and ideation publish-ready. Do all of this by pressing the button that little arrow points at (as seen in the picture above) and then press "convert to WordPress. This makes it super easy to bring everything over to WordPress. Now all you have to do is flesh out your brainstorm session/outline. 4. Now Create Your Own Writing Prompt Library After you've used all of those brainstorming ideas, keep track of your ideas in a writing prompt library. You can do this by storing them in an Evernote note or even on Google Docs or Sheets. (You also get this in the bundle that complements this post.) It will look something like this: How To Use Your Writing Prompt Library Fill in the columns in the  spreadsheet. You'll be asked these questions: List your prompts in the spreadsheet. In what blog category will this post fit? Do you have a keyword for it? When is the publish date? If there is something else you want to track in this writing prompt library, add to the columns at the top and track away. Back To Table Of Contents Ready To Get Writing? You know that the real culprit behind the phrase "Writer's Block" is really just an unhealthy mixture of "being stuck" + lack of good planning + procrastination. Even though it can be a real bother to be stuck, you now know how to get unstuck. You might have a set of brainstorming techniques that you are excited to start using. I hope this post helps you get unstuck and writing!

Should Parents Know of Increased Alzheimer's risk Essay

Should Parents Know of Increased Alzheimer's risk - Essay Example The answer is quite clear that awareness is very important about this disease in the present time. Psychotic symptoms such as delusions and aberrations have been observed in large percentage of patients suffering from this disease. In fact, it is the presence of these symptoms which can lead to early regimentation. (Tappen R. M. 1998) â€Å"You know, people get frustrated because their loved ones who have Alzheimer's, oh, he doesn't recognize me anymore, how can I recognize this person, if they don't recognize me? They're not the same person.   Well, they are the same person, but they've got a brain disease. And it's not their fault they've got this disease.† --Ron Reagan In the present age, only a negligible number of ordinary people have proper awareness about the Alzheimer’s disease. In general, the people know merely two things about this disease. Firstly, they know that it is an attenuating disease which is incurable. And secondly they know that memory loss is it s common symptom. That is enough information to produce lot of depression among the aging population but a little more awareness would definitely bring some needed relief. Another misconception among the people is that they think that Alzheimer’s disease can only occur in old age. ... However, children and young adults can also experience this disease as a result of number of rare diseases and conditions. For example, in Batten Disease, unfortunately, Alzheimer’ disease can be observed in many facets, many age ranges and in many different aberrations. The intensity ranges from mild to almost extreme of the worst possible. This disease seems very difficult to treat in the world. (Taylor, Richard 2007) Some of the reasons as to why awareness is important for parents about this disease are related to different aspects of the world. If a parent does not know much about Alzheimer’s disease and has it in his genes then it is possible that his/her child would also suffer from this disorder. The possibility of the disease increases further when both the parents are susceptible to the disease. The parents should be aware about the disease so that they would not opt for a child as it would ruin his whole life. Moreover the child may cause increased medical cos ts if he suffers from Alzheimer’s disease. Awareness of the parents would help them to treat their children or at least get a check up at an early age so that the deteriorative processes do not end up in the last stage. Timely intervention can be counted as one of the most important factors which can help in the treatment of the disease. Awareness of parents can help to increase this timely intervention and can thus enhance the treatment process of the children suffering from the disease. Awareness of the issue can further help in lowering down the incidence of the disease as it is being prevailing in the world. All these points strongly support the point that parents and other

Quiz1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Quiz1 - Essay Example However, halting the talks means that the world losses the gains that would have come from multilateral trade. The rules responsible for governing antidumping laws and other important rules in trade are managed by the world trade organization WTO and the preferential trade agreements, but in case of conflicts, the WTO’s rules prevailed over the PTA. This means that countries like the U.S impose rules on other weaker partners that are rejected by other economies such as the Indian and the Chinese economies (Bhagwati). Without the multilateral trade agreements, templates developed by big economies such as the U.S rule over other countries. Additionally, the templates extend to other fields outside trade like the environmental issues as well as the labor standards. The U.S is seeking major emerging economies with similar ideas about trade so that they can form their own templates. When such ideas are combined, they will benefit the stronger trading partners and oppress the other members. Moreover, third world countries will have little influence on overall ideas suggested by the developed countries. This implies that the hegemonic countries like the U.S will benefit from the agreements alone. Such interests have made these developed countries to halt the talks that may take time to reach an

Juliet And Her Romeo Essay Example for Free

Juliet And Her Romeo Essay â€Å"For never was there a story of more woe than this of Juliet and her Romeo†. Romeo and Juliet is a tragic love story. Whose tragedy is it? Through the metrical composition of the closing lines of the play, Shakespeare informs the audience on whose tragedy Romeo and Juliet is about. By addressing the last verse of the play to us in pyrrhic pentameter, he is suggesting a victory which has come about at too great a cost. The pace of time amplifies the tragic quality of the play. Time is used to set things in a motion that they spiral out of control. Instead of logical decisions, everything is controlled by emotions, which ultimately leads Romeo and Juliet to their path of death. However, Shakespeare’s deliberate use of pyrrhic pentameter reinforces the sound of a pyrrhic victory. Besides the tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, there is something more pervasive suggested, as many characters thereafter also suffer as a consequence of this tragedy, such as the parents and Paris. Essentially, the story is Romeo and Juliet’s tragedy because they are young and pay the ultimate price for their passionate ‘true love’. The chorus tells us that the lovers are necessary sacrifices. Nothing but their death can â€Å"bury their parents’ strife†. Through the words â€Å"here’s much to do with hate, but more with love†, Shakespeare suggests how the world of the play is initially sprouted by hate between two families. So the paradox with Romeo and Juliet is how the one thing that defines them is ultimately the one thing which separates them. Not only are they victims of their families hatred, they are also victim to piteous overthrows and misguided plans which were supposed to unite them. By disregarding patriarchal imperatives and escaping to a world without parents, they place their trust in orders, such as Friar Lawrence and the Nurse. In doing that, they subject themselves to piteous overthrows. Their tragedy is that they have nowhere to turn. In an attempt to come together, the true lovers die; their love was â€Å"death-marked†. They are inexperienced and have the idealistic ardour of first love. Hence, their love is pure. The poetry of the play is written as beautifully and pure as the love it speaks of as this purity enhances the tragedy presented in the play for Romeo and Juliet. It is the parents’ tragedy in this play because of their disobedient children. Romeo and Juliet’s rebellion ultimately leads to them to their own deaths and consequently, the only succession to the Capulet and Montague’s family name is lost. Upon Juliet’s death, Capulet expresses lamentation to this loss of  succession through his words â€Å"death is my heir†. The children’s fatal flaws ultimately pave their parents’ tragedy. The children took little honour in their names and treated it as if it were a piece of clothing which they could just throw away. Juliet questions â€Å"what’s in a name?† and expresses dishonour to the significance of her family name. Juliet’s lack of pride leads her to Romeo, which ultimately leads her to death. Hence, her lack of pride is her fatal flaw. If she had pride in her name, she would not have allowed herself to love Romeo and hence, would not have died. If they did not die, the story would not have been their parent’s tragedy, as they would not have lost their children, or their successor to their family name. Of all the young men who die in the play, Paris is the greatest victim of all, because he dies from being a victim of both love and death. Essentially, Paris was not even part of the two families’ battle. Rather, he was dragged into the whole mess as a result of associations. For the other young men in the story, their tragedy had come about as a result of the ancient grudge however for Paris, he was a victim of love. He dies as a consequence of love in both ways; Romeo’s love for Juliet as well as his own love for Juliet. Paris was a nice guy who happened to get caught in someone else’s love story. As Juliet’s love for Romeo deepens, Paris is increasingly ignored by her. Hence, not only is it a tragic end for Paris in that he dies by the end of the play, but his beloved Juliet also dies and the fact that he never received Juliet’s love or attention since the start adds further depth to his tragedy. Through the use of pyrrhic pentameter, Shakespeare allows us to ‘hear’ as well as understand the pyrrhic victory taken place in the play. The constant battle between family Montague and the family Capulet is the spark which sets off the train for future misfortunes. Romeo and Juliet’s forbidden pure love is definitely a major factor which contributes to the tragedy of both these young lovers. For the parents, their children’s grave death, tragic in itself, also marks the death of their own succession to the family names. For Paris, his tragedy is bought about as a consequence of love. Ultimately, the catastrophic end to Romeo and Juliet is a t ragedy which affects everyone in the play.

Making Education an Essential :: Educating School Teaching Essays

Making Education an Essential An important part of education is the way a student is taught and the way a teacher chooses to teach. I believe that the decision made about who someone becomes is based on how a person embraces their education. How a teacher uses his/her knowledge and skills of their specific curricular area to motivate students is important and can cause students to want to learn and be educated. Knowledge, which is important for both students and teachers, is both relative and absolute. It can be constructed based upon people and their needs and views, but it can also be true no matter the person or the place in time. For example, because I am interested in English, I perform better in English and English related classes than I do in others subjects such as History or Science. My thirst for knowledge in English is based upon what I like. In an absolute sense, there are many events that have happened throughout history that most people are aware and knowledgeable of no matter what they like or what point they are at in their lives. I believe knowledge of the bigger and more important issues in life is absolute, while knowledge of smaller and more people-based issues tends to be relative. The nature of knowledge is similar to the nature of students because students in many cases are very different from each other. I believe the nature of students is based upon many factors in life, but the way a teacher treats his/her students can have a profound effect on students and how they perform. A student who comes from a poverty stricken home and who is not treated well by his/her parents is different socially, mentally, and intellectually than a student who comes from a wealthy family and is treated well. Though this is true, the performance of both students in the classroom can be similar based on the way the teacher treats each student. If the student from the poverty stricken home is treated well and just as fairly as the wealthier student it can cause somewhat of a balance in the classroom because each student is being treated fairly based on their academic level. In my classroom where most of the students are culturally different from each other I believe I wi ll be the one who sets the neutrality.

Gandhi as a Leader Essay

Gandhi is one of the most prominent political leaders of 20th century. According to experts he single handedly motivated the people of brutalized and oppressed country to fight a non-violent battle against the mightiest empire of the world at that time. His leadership style is talked discussed across schools, universities, management institutes, political circles and corporate organizations across the world. This paper will shed light on what was Gandhi’s leadership style, how it was so effective and what is its relevance in today’s world. For a leader and first and foremost is the knowledge of his/her followers. This can come either with understanding them closely or coming from them. Gandhi came from normal background. He suffered the atrocities himself for example he was thrown out of a train on railway station because he wasn’t white and can’t travel first class. Gandhi didn’t take that humiliation silently but decided to resist it through various conventions. Secondly he identified with the common people and decided to leave the western style wardrobe with much more minimalist one as the masses in India could only afford that. He decided to live simply and sleep on ground like masses of Indians at that time. By living like them and traveling third class in train people able to identify with him (Communication ) and realized that here is the man who not only know what they are going through but also living it with them. Gandhi motto was not ‘I know what you are going through’ but that was of ‘we have to fight it out together to get freedom’. When Gandhi started India was a divided countries ruled by either Britishers directly or number of patrons of British who were equally brutal in oppressing people. Gandhi knew that if India has to get Independence than every section of Indian society has to contribute to it. With his influential he tried to bring the neglected sections of the society into mainstream and motivated them to fight for a common cause. Gandhi strategy (Planning) was clear, he wants to challenge the morality of the most brutal force on the face of earth and want to gain independence for India with a non violent struggle. His belief in non violence was unshakable so much so that once in the course of civil disobedience mob got violent and burnt down the police station. He refused to take it as an aberration and called off the civil disobedience movement. Secondly the planning of the struggle is also done in an evolutionary way. Gandhi understood that if the britishers leave at once there will be a vacuum and that will be filled by the violent sects of the society which are comparatively more organized compare to liberal power in the beginning of the struggle. In the beginning Gandhi launched struggle for right for independent primaries with in the british rule. Once able to achieve them he designed the campaign for no taxation and finally a full blown struggle for complete freedom (Vision). The relevance of Gandhi has not decreased over the years, infact it has significantly increased given the trigger hungry world we live in. Martin Luther King Jr followed the example of Gandhi in resisting racism and fought for civil rights by challenging the morality of ruling America. A bullet for bullet gives the oppressor the right to oppress more and way to fight oppression is not subjecting to it and resisting it by questioning the morality of it. Knowledge@Wharton (2006) Gandhi, Mandela, Mother Teresa, a Tree, a Pillow †¦ Images of Leadership from Future Leaders. Retrieved on 25th Feb from http://knowledge. wharton. upenn. edu/article. cfm? articleid=1417 Gandhi (1926). My Experiments with Truth. Govt of India Publication.

Grace Hopper’s Biography: A Great Pioneer in Data Processing

It was 1906 in New York City when the great pioneer in data processing, Grace Murray Hopper, was born to the parents Walter Fletcher Murray and Mary Campbell Horn Murray. Even as a young child Grace loved learning about mathematics and the new technological advances that were coming out, mostly because of her surrounding environment — her mother was a mathematician. Although at the time women were not considered as important to society as men were, she would turn out to be one of the most important influences of the century. In 1924 Grace attended Vassar College, majoring in the sciences, specifically mathematics and physics. After four years of hard work she graduated with Phi Beta Kappa honors and a Vassar College Fellowship. With that she progressed to earning her MA in mathematics at Yale University in 1930, and her Ph.D. in 1934, along with two Sterling Scholarships and an election to Sigma Xi. While finishing her college education she married the New York University English teacher Vincent Hopper. Her computer technology life would soon begin following her graduation. Upon graduating, Grace was accepted to the Bureau of Ordinance at Harvard University. That is when she was introduced to and assigned to work on Mark I — the first large-scale U.S. computer and precursor of electronic computers. Her first assignment with Mark I was to â€Å"have the coefficients for the interpolation of the arc tangents completed [in about one week]†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ not a problem for Grace. She would then be the third person ever to program the Mark I. At that same time, the Mark I was being used to calculate the angles at which naval guns were to be aimed. Shortly after that a machine called BINAC was being developed which used the C-10 language. The C-10 according to Grace, â€Å"has been the basis for most codes since. ‘A' was add, ‘M' was multiply, ‘B' was bring, ‘C' was clear; it was a beautiful code.† Grace was then forced to teach herself octal arithmetic, since that is what the code was performed in. A sort time after that, many people started to believe a user-friendlier computer was needed. Grace got to work on it. Grace was credited with the first compiler in 1952, the A-0. The compiler was â€Å"a set of instructions that translated mathematical code into machine language.† Later on she produced the A-1 and the A-2, which were basically upgrades of the previous compiler. Her 1957 FLOW-MATIC compiler (or B-0) which was used mainly for business programs, was the first to translate English into the machine language. A later program in 1959-61 (COBOL) was based on her FLOW-MATIC and was used in the UNIVAC — the first commercial electronic computer. Grace Hopper was a hard working woman who â€Å"worked to attract industry and business interests to computers and to bridge the gulf between management and programmers.† After serving in the Navy from 1943 – 1986, during which she received the rank of rear admiral, she retired to take her final job as the senior consultant with Digital Equipment Association. Grace Hopper, the great pioneer in data processing and computer technology, died in 1992 at the age of 86.

Farewell to the Fiction in the Science of Cloning essays

Farewell to the Fiction in the Science of Cloning essays In his 1930s futuristic novel, Brave New World, Aldous Huxley predicted a society where the human race was created in a laboratory and carried to term in incubators. At the time it was regarded as being ludicrously impossible. The idea of cloning in the eighties required multiple reproductions of specialized cells. Even then, the possibility of cloning was unachievable. Recently, scientists cloned a lamb, simply by replicating the cell in the skin tissue. It is now happening in all parts of the world: Scotland, England, America, and Australia. As technology increases, doubts and what-ifs turn into realities. Three essays were examined concerning cloning endangered and extinct animals and the benefits and detriments of therapeutic cloning. Matt Ridley, from the article The Lure of Detinction, claims there is finally a noble use for cloning. To date, he states, it has only been promised to serve the human races vanity, by producing doppelgangers, and hypochondria, by providing spare livers. But with the announcement that cloning has been applied to vanished species, to reverse their extinction, it suddenly seems a rather higher calling (1-4). A Massachusettss company has taken the first steps by cloning a rare Indian wild ox embryo called a guar and implanting it into a cow. Once successful, the company plans to do the same for a recently extinct Spanish goat called a bucardo. The possibilities are limited for the time being however, as long-extinct creatures can not be included in the wish list due to inadequate knowledge of their molecular biology. Even reptile, bird, and amphibian cloning are quite a ways off because they lay eggs. However, by allowing research to continue, time will produce stunning results. In addition to reviving extinct animals, Great Britain is currently requesting permission to pursue what is called therapeutic cloning. Accordin...

Adinkra

The very essence of the word ‘Adinkra’ is ‘farewell’; as such, every symbol that is encapsulated in the whole body of Adinkra communicates or corresponds to a unique message or idea. Documented history has it that, as far back as the nineteenth century, unique Adinkra symbols were used in customary and traditional rites of society to depict the ideological stance of that society as regards to the ceremony or event in question. The art was showcased in various forms during festivals, funerals, marriages among others. Today, the use of Adinkra has been widely extended to cover almost every facet of life. In recent times, Adinkra symbols have become a suitable choice of branding the modern, competitive, and trendy Ghanaian clothing lifestyle. Over the years, Adinkra has gone beyond traditional cloth-making designs and has been fashionably incorporated into the designing of t-shirts, buttons, linen fabric clothes. Today, young people would prefer t-shirts with screen-printing inscriptions like ‘Me firi Ghana’, with an Adinkra like ‘Gye Nyame’ boldly designed beneath. Indeed, some acclaimed Ghanaian fashion designers like Mawuli Okudzeto, Kofi Ansah among others, have received international recognition by carving such niches for themselves, with popular brand names like MKOGH and PKOG, just to mention a few. Beyond that, apparels like footwear have also had a taste of Adinkra art. Artisans who make local footwear like sandals, slippers and ‘ahenema’ have also included these symbols in their designs. For instance, a locally made ‘ahenema’ has a carefully designed Adinkra symbol of three concentric rings encircling each other, known as ‘adinkrahene’ at the nose of each slipper. One other art is the design of bags with Adinkra symbols woven or sewn on the surface with fabric, (often kente pieces). The most popular addition to this art collection is the use of these designs in making jewellery and other fashion accessories. It is popular to see rings, pendants, earrings, necklaces, anklets, beads and many others designed with symbols like ‘ohene aniwa’, ‘epa’, ‘nkonsonkonson’, etc. In Ghana, the Precious Mineral Marketing Company (PMMC) is a typical example of an enterprise in this regard. Thus, on the international stage, Adinkra symbols have been employed as one of, if not the best indigenous symbols that give all manner of clothing, a unique fashion identity easily recognisable as truly Ghanaian. Quite apart from clothing, these symbols have formed part of locally designed fine and visual art. This has been such that, in creation of several Ghanaian sculptures, Adinkra has been one of the most recognisable themes. There many instances of metal and wooden sculpture designed into Adinkra. More often than not, these visual and fine arts have been used by individuals for decorative purposes. It is now commonplace to see a wall hanging in someone’s home, at the lobby of a corporate institution or in the sitting area of an afro-centric restaurant with the caption ‘welcome’ and a popular symbol like ‘Gye Nyame’ underneath it. Without a shred of doubt any Ghanaian who sees this in any institution in any distant part of the world, feels quite homey and comfortable, to some extent, immediately. Moreover, the designs of wooden plaques lately have also adopted Adinkra symbols. For instance, African institutions of late present Adinkra-designed plaques to individuals and entities, as gifts and awards for splendid performances. Woodcarvers as at today, still design stools for domestic as well as traditional purposes with these popular symbols. In Akan traditional homes, stools often known as ‘asesedwa’ are carved out of wood with these designs. Today as a unique of catching up with the west, local artisans have modernized their design of home furniture placed in areas like the living room, dining room and the study. Beautiful and attractive-looking sets are being carved daily. A common example is wooden coffee-table, which has an Adinkra symbol like ‘sankofa’ at the base with a glass plane on the surface. Hence it is ordinary to see the prolific use of Adinkra in fine and visual art because of the inherent artistic merits they possess. In present day, the use of symbols for trademarks and emblems cannot be over-emphasized. In corporate branding and marketing, many institutions have resorted to the use of symbols, both tactile and visual, as a mark of exclusivity and Adinkra are symbols of no exception. There are countless examples of institutions of all sorts who have adopted these symbols as logos, emblem, etc. In Ghana, for instance, a corporate institution like HFC Bank uses the symbol ‘ebankese’ as its corporate logo. Interestingly, Vodafone Ghana has designed their recharge cards such that whichever denomination has a long strip Adinkra symbols in front of the card. A popular plastics company by name ‘Strong Plast Ltd’ also uses the popular symbol, ‘Gye Nyame’ as a brand name for its plastic chairs. A very popular flour mill also uses ‘sankofa’ as the brand name of it flour. On a lighter side, along the coastal area it is fun to see fishermen decorate their canoes with these symbols as an interesting way of ownership.

Quickly work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Quickly work - Essay Example Consumers tend to believe that goods and services with well known brand names are much better than the products whose names or brands are not well known. The process of evaluating or establishing if a given company’s brand name is well known by customers is known as Brand Equity (Aaker, 2009). If one examines the car industry, some brands have been in the market since the invention of automobiles. A good example of such a company is the Ford motor company which despite emergence of many companies, Ford has continued to experience success especially in the American market just as a result of its brand name. Other companies such as Toyota have been producing cheaper and better cars, but despite this, Ford is among the favorite car brands in the United State of America. There are various approaches to ensure brand equity in a company. One of the approaches is known as customer based equity brand approach. This approach was developed by Kevin Keller hence it is referred to as Kell er’s Brand Equity Model. The approach is best understood by using the diagram below; The above diagram simplifies the application of the customer based brand equity. In the first step, the goal of the company should be to create customer awareness or salience. This means the business establishment should ensure that its brand stands out, and it can be easily recognized by its customers. The second step involves identifying and communicating what the company’s brand means. This step is further subdivided into two, which are performance and imagery. Performance entails defining how well the company’s brand will fulfill consumer needs. Imagery involves showing how the business establishment’s products meet the needs of the consumer on a psychological and social level. The third step involves consumers responding to the brand in two ways. These are feelings and judgments. Consumers will always make judgments about a company’s product based on superiori ty, quality, and credibility. Consumers will also respond to a company’s brand based on how it makes them feel. The final step in the customer based model is resonance, which is the most difficult level to reach in brand equity. This is where consumers will have a psychological bond with the company’s brand. This usually takes many years for a company’s brand to attain this level. If a business establishment attains this stage, then brand equity will be realized in the company’s product. In conclusion, brand equity has been important over the years because it is believed that a brand is among the high value assets a business establishment can have. This is indeed a fact that is practiced in markets. Brand equity is applied in showing the extent to which consumers know about a product, and this goes a long way in attracting loyal customers and boosting sales. Question 2 Adaptive marketing communication strategies are approaches in marketing that adapt to c hanges in various factors as a result of time. One of the major factors that results in the use of adaptive strategies of communication is technological changes. Technology changes have revolutionized a lot not only in communication, but in almost all sectors of the economy. Adaptive marketing communication strategies make sure that a company is ready for any change in the communication sector of the

Cultural Identity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Cultural Identity - Essay Example It creates a certain stereotype that is more often not well justified or has no basis at all. My cultural identity is shaped and influenced by an ancient cultural Chinese tradition of filial obedience based on the teachings of Confucius, a feeling of belonging and affiliation with the entire Chinese nation, including the overseas Chinese in many other countries, and it is because of the Chinese civilization being the oldest continuously existing civilization in the world today, with its unique language (the most difficult to learn and master) and system of its writing (based on characters), and pride in resurgent China after two centuries of being under Western colonial powers. There is equality among sexual genders although under the present regime, families prefer baby boys to baby girls because of its one-child per family policy to help contain its ever-increasing large population. Although the Chinese people is composed of many ethnic groups, there is only one national language, which is Mandarin, and despite its huge geographic size, China officially has only one time z one (it covers five time zones) for easier governance and administration. A Chinese person is able to connect and feel an affinity with another Chinese anywhere in the world due to this single language for communication. I have come over to the United States of America as an international student, and one of my subjects in school is inter-cultural communications. This is the first time I experienced the concept of white privilege, in which people of the white race feel a sense of entitlement to all the good things in life, and taking these things for granted as something that is due to them (Martin 55) in a daily pattern of dominance, subordination, and privilege. It is unspoken type of privileged class, with white males looking down on the females (regardless of skin color) as sexual objects, made of

Analysis of the film <Requiem for a Dream (2000) > Research Paper

Analysis of the film - Research Paper Example It speaks of several forms of drug addictions and their consequences. The importance of the film also lies in its ability to understand the ways in which family ties and bonds are severed irreparably through the use of drugs. The ability of the movie to manoeuver through the technical aspects of filmmaking is also brilliant. The movie is noteworthy not only for its deft handling of the theme but also for the team’s ability to use sound and lighting to weave itself into the story. The movie is not a long one and its runtime is just one hundred and one minutes. This means that the story is told without any additional frills. It stands on its own and this is thanks to the excellent editing that was performed on it. The scenes that are shown in the edited version of the movie reveals how details are squeezed into every frame in order to keep the runtime short and the pace quick. The pace of the movie varies according to the mood that its protagonists are in. Given that this is a movie that speaks of the metal states and social positions of drug addicts, there are several changes of pace that the movie undergoes. This is significant as it makes it possible for the viewer to understand better exactly what the mental conditions of the protagonists are. They are also able to understand better the situations that drug addicts put themselves through once they are deprived of what comes to become their lifeblood. This irony is what the changes of pace are able to conve y in the movie without taking the viewer on an unnecessary roller-coaster ride that may have degenerated into melodrama. The movie’s slick editing makes it possible for the viewer to retain the message of the movie without the movie having to be preachy in its tone. This, according to many was one of the major victories of the movie. The lighting of any movie is something that complements its

Identity Rayona Christine

Identity Rayona Christine A Yellow Raft in Blue Water Identity is the ultimate realization of ones true self. It is the culmination of everything that has ever had an impact on a persons life. It is influenced by a persons upbringing and the gradual life experience that they gain. These two factors are both equally necessary parts of what is considered the core of a person. They come together to shape the identities of Rayona, Christine, and Ida, in the novel, A Yellow Raft in Blue Water, by Michael Dorris. Rayonas identity is created through her inability to relate to her mother, Christine, her emotional turmoil concerning her father, and her struggle to escape from it all. â€Å"I read it and I read it and I read it and I see only my own picture again, clearer than ever† (103). For all of her young life, Rayona had never had a real role model. As a result, she does not understand who she is or who she wishes to be. She escapes reality by forcing herself into delusions and fantasies. Her unstable upbringing leads her to seek out a better life and the family she has always wanted. This establishes the part of Rayona that is awkward and lonely. However, she continues on, feeling out of place, but desperately needing to belong. â€Å"This time I stay where I land. I can move if I have to, but theres no place I need to be† (134). At the rodeo she does not just confront Babe, she confronts her disappointments, her uncertainty, and she confronts the society that she has always wanted to be a part, by breaking social norms. She finally accepts the fact that she is not perfect and neither is her family, because she learns that her family will always be her family. This valuable life experience creates the part of Rayona that is confident and strong. She could not have found herself without both the good and bad experiences. She could not have found her true identity without both the burdens of her childhood and the triumphs from her growth. She broke away from her need for acceptance, and instead accepted herself. Christine, however, took a lot longer to learn the same lesson. Christine lived much of her life concerned with appearances and her need to be loved. â€Å"I couldnt help thinking what my friends would say if Lee really did dodge.† (163). Unlike Rayona, Christine didnt want another family; she wanted to force her family to live up to her standards. Her upbringing included a mystery father, a distant mother, and a brother that outshone her. Throughout her childhood, she wanted attention she wanted to feel the love that always eluded her. She even sought Gods love, but was disappointed. Whenever events and circumstances arose that threatened to undermine the love and acceptance she received, she coped in negative ways. She struggled with the churchs betrayal, her guilt over her brothers death, her husbands indifference, and the sickness that was slowly killing her. So, she tried to escape the harsh reality by turning to men and alcohol. She never felt needed, so she neglected he r responsibilities. Her childhood made her irresponsible and unable to cope with lifes hardships. She never thought about living for anyone but herself, until her imminent death helped her find herself. â€Å"I didnt care anything. She was my miracle, and I knelt beside her† (283). Towards the end of her life, Christine wants to live for Rayona, and she truly becomes the mother she had wanted to be. Her life experience makes her loving, selfless, and more grateful for what she has. Her upbringing and experience come together to create her identity. The acceptance she never felt from Ida, she was able to feel from Rayona. Ida gains the same appreciation for family as Rayona and Christine, though her own upbringing shaped her into a cold and distrustful person. â€Å"I wanted to sink into the pillow at her betrayal, at her low opinion of me.† (309). Ida carries the heaviest burden in the novel; the most shattering secret. Her life was ruined because of the betrayal of her family. However, she coped but distancing herself from Christine, a constant reminder of her burden. She became cold to her children and she tries to keep a vestige of her life before Clara by not allowing Christine to call her â€Å"mom†. Her pain and bitterness regarding the way she had to live during her childhood makes her detached and harsh. She refuses to be seen as weak; she refuses to be used and betrayed again. So, when she realizes that Willard is with her out of loyalty, she does not want to end up like her mother, betrayed and married to man who stays with her out of loyalty. So, she leaves, before he can. Ho wever, Ida overcomes the hate she has for her old family in order to embrace the love she has for her new one. â€Å"You call for me †¦if you want to† (275). Ida learns to care again; her new experiences provoke this change in her. Like her daughter and granddaughter before her, she finds a new strength in herself and a greater appreciation for her family. The three generations are tied together though their struggles, their triumphs, their secrets, and their search for their identity. The way they were raised and their childhood blend together with the womens newer life experiences to create who they truly are. Each of them undergoes a profound change by overcoming adversity and becoming testaments to the strength of love in family.

Analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper, The Birthmark, and The Goose Girl

There have been various analysis based on these three stories and the characters involved: â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† â€Å"The Birthmark,† and â€Å"The Goose Girl†. This paper will focus on analysis based on figurative languages used either consciously or unconsciously, the passivity of the characters, motivations, role performed in the story, and the agendas used by the various authors. The point of this analysis is to show how various authors have used short stories to give the world a diverse message that can be spun in many different directions. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a short story by Charlotte Perkins Gilman who specialized in poetry, short stories and social reform. Jane in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a passive character that shows her passivity in a quite distinct manner. According to a quote from a critic of this short story, â€Å"Visible: the prisoner will constantly have before his eyes the tall outline of the c entral tower from which he is spied upon. Unverifiable: the prisoner must never know whether he is being looked at any one moment; but he must be sure that he may always be so.† â€Å"The Panopticon is a machine for dissociating the see/being seen dyad: in the peripheric ring, one is totally seen, without ever seeing; in the central tower, one sees everything without ever being seen† (Michel Foucault, 1979). This shows that the house where Jane lives in would be considered to be a Prison whereby the prisoners can be observed but they cannot see their observers. He called this method of observation â€Å"Panopticon† (Michel Foucault, 1979). This method regulated the prisoners behavior at all times and in this story, it regulated Jane’s behavior so she was used to taking orders. In addition, this critic also describes the narr... ...unk. "The Birthmark." Literature and the Writing Process. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2007. 206-17. Print. Sperry, Lori B., and Liz Grauerholz. "The Pervasiveness and Persistence of the Feminine Beauty Ideal in Children's Fairy Tales." Gender and Society 17.5 (2003): 711-26. JSTOR. Web. 4 July 2015. Suess, Barbara A. "The Writing's on the Wall" Symbolic Orders in 'The Yellow Wallpaper'." Women's Studies 32.1 (2003): 79. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 31 July 2015. "SurLaLune Fairy Tales: Annotations for Goose Girl." SurLaLune Fairy Tales: Annotated Fairy Tales, Fairy Tale Books and Illustrations. Web. 05 July 2015. Wang, Lin-lin. "Freed or Destroyed:--A Study on The Yellow Wallpaper from the Perspective of Foucauldian Panopticism." US-China Foreign Language 5.3 (2007): 52-57. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 31 July 2015.

Revenue Cycle and Control Activities Essay

The revenue cycle for many companies is considered the primary source to earn revenue from the sale of goods or service. Good controls must be established to maintain the effectiveness of receivables and credit sales, not doing so can harm the company and might be costly to the business. Six classes of internal controls guides us in evaluating and designing transaction processing. They are authorization, supervision, segregation of duties, access control, independent verification, and accounting records. We will discuss each department that is involved in the revenue cycle, it’s activities, and control activities.The first section discusses the departments that make the revenue cycle , starting with Sales Department and ending with Billing Department, knowingly that collections must be received and adjustments must be made. The second section discusses the six activities mentioned earlier. Departments The revenue cycle is composed of five independent (in activities and personnel) departments that are required to make function and make a sale. Each department carry out it’s own, and every department depends on the the preceding department in order to function properly. An additional two activities must be considered in the revenue cycle are collection of receivables and adjustments to sales and receivables. Sales Department Every sales process starts with receiving a customer purchase order- by mail, in person, or telephone. Thus controlling the customer’s orders is carefully done, and operating procedures must be maintained in an adequate manners. The department then identifies and reviews items and quantities to determine whether the order can be placed, then they prepare The Sales Order. The sales order is not the standard format that the seller’s order processing system needs. The sales order has vital information, such as the customer’s name account number, description of the items sold quantities, and prices. A copy of sales order is placed in the open order file, the customer getting the ordered goods might take days or even weeks. The customer might check about the status of his or her order, order file is updated every time the status of the order changes .It also sets instructions to guide various divisions and department, including credit, finished goods, shipping, billing, and accounts receivable units. Credit Approval Department To provide independence to the credit authorization process, the credit department is organizationally and physically separate from the Sales Department. The credit approval department receives a copy of the sales order from the sales department. The document received serves as an authorization to preform a client credit check. The check includes investigating new customers’ ability to pay and creditworthiness, and a line of credit is established. Typically new checking new customers take time more that existing customers. A good control activity is a limit test, which measures the customer have unused credit. This process set an upper limit that the customer must not pass, if passing it the purchase order by the customer will be denied. Warehouse Procedures After a credit check has been performed and approved, and a sales order is received. The warehouse is responsible of issuing merchandise and items that were mentioned in the sales order to the shipping department. In a typical company that have finished goods in it’s inventory, this inventory is supervised and controlled by a storekeeper. He is responsible for issuing the goods. Another control activity must be done is updating the inventory records by the accountant, not by the storekeeper. This separation of duty prevents theft of inventory. The Shipping department When receiving the finished goods from the warehouse, the shipping clerk must reconcile the products received from the warehouse with the products mentioned in the sales order. This is an important control activity, which ensures send the right products and quantities to the customer who ordered them. Then this department prepares shipping documents , such as the bill of lading as they are loaded into the carrier- cars, trucks etc. These documents numerically controlled and are entered in a shipping register before being forwarded to the billing department. A gate control is done when shipments are made by truck, this ensure that goods have been recorded as shipments. The clerk enters these transaction and sends a shipping notice and stock release to the billing department. The Billing Department Upon receiving the Shipping notice and stock release from the shipping department, a sales invoice with any relevant information about the transactions and bills the customer. Billing departments are responsible of serially numbered shipping documents, comparing documents received from other departments, entering data from sales orderers and purchase order on the sales invoice, applying prices and discount to the invoice, make extensions and footing, accumulating total amounts. Controls should be done to ensure the accuracy of sales invoice before sending them to the customer, such as a second person review. The billing clerk enters the transaction into the sales journal and send the documents to the account receivables and inventory control department. Collection of Receivables Most receivables are either consisted of checks, and remittance advice and collected through the mail. The cashier is responsible for checks and depositing them, and the remittance advice will be forwarded to the account receivable or the data processing department, which will be recorded in the appropriate accounts. Reductions in the AR are posted periodically to the general ledger control account. Adjustments to Sales and Receivables All adjustments to sales for allowances, returns, and write-offs of account receivables should be supported by a credit memo which is serially numbered. This memo must be signed by an employee having no cash handling duties or maintenance over the customers’ ledger. Good Internal controls require that goods must be checked and examined before a credit is given, and the memo should have the serial number of the receiving report on the returned shipment. The treasurer give grant the credit manager the authorization to initiate the process of uncollectible receivable write off. Updating Inventory Records The inventory control function updates the inventory subsidiary from the information included in the stock release document which was prepared by the the warehouse. In a typical perpetual system, every item has it’s own record in the ledger containing data, such as units sold, units received m reorder point, EOQ, and standard cost. The stock release document decrease the amount of the inventory. Over a period of time the total reduction in inventory is summarized in a journal voucher and sent to the general ledger function. Revenue Cycle controls As mention earlier every department of the revenue cycle must have it’s own controls over is activities, doing so might prevent theft, error, fraud, and enhancing the it’s operations. Six controls are to be covered in this section regarding various department and activities in the revenue cycle Transaction authorization this ensure that valid transactions are processed only, and it include credit check and return policy for sales processing and remittance list for cash receipts. Credit Check as mentioned is function carry out by the credit department. This department might uses various test and techniques to determine if the customer is trust worthy or not. Different procedures and done to do credit check, depending on the organization, its relationship with the customer, and the materiality of the transactions. Approving for a new customer might take longer time that existing customer, and a decision that falls within the employee authority may be done quickly. However credit check must be done with consistency of the company’s policy. Return Policy is also a credit department task, the returns must be authorized by this department before receiving them. the nature of the sales and the circumstances determine the authorization granted. Again policies set by the organization, such as cash refunds, must be taken into consideration for granting returns. Remittance List verifies that customers checks and remittance advice match. This reconciliation might detect errors, such as an extra remittance advice or and absence of a customers’ check, it also might detect a difference between checks and remittances. This list authorizes the posting of a remittance advice to a customer’s account. Segregation of Duties it ensure that separate individual and department processes the transactions. The size and type of an organization affect this type of control, for instance a personally own small business might not need this kind of control, because the owner is the management. The revenue cycle has three rules about the system designers. First, transaction authorization should be separate from transaction processing, such as the warehouse department. The warehouse department cannot issue goods without the confirmation of the credit and the sales department. Second, asset custody should be separate from the task of asset record keeping. For instance, the warehouse department has physical custody over it’s inventory, but the inventory control is in charge of maintaining the record of inventory levels. Last, the organization must be structured so that fraud require collision between two or more individuals. This means that task should be separated, such as different record keeping individuals. An employee with a total record keeping responsibility, in a collusion with an other employee with custody might commit fraud. Separating task needs more people to commit fraud. Supervision is considered a compensating control for companies who have little number of employees to make a segregation of duties. Supervising those employees detects error made, and inadequate functions. This tool is used also in system with a good segregation function. For instance the mail room is a good place to commit theft for check received, cashing it, and destroying and evidence relating to the theft. Although this might be detected when complaints made by a customer about billing him again, but the best solution is preventing it from the beginning. Therefor a good supervision over employees is considered a good prevention control. Accounting Records this control activity describes how a firm’s documents, journals, and ledgers form the system in various stages of processing. It’s also an important feature of well-designed accounting systems. Prenumbered Documents, are sequentially numbered documents that allow every transaction to be uniquely identified. Tracking event related to documents through t system is easy. Special Journals, The revenue cycle uses a specific journals, such as sales journal and the cash receipts journal. Special journal groups similar transactions into a specific journal. Subsidiary Ledgers, there’s two subsidiary ledgers in the revenue cycle, the inventory and accounts receivables subsidiary ledgers. They provide links to the documents used to capture the events related to each subsidiary. General Ledgers, these are the basis for every accounting system, and for the preparation of every financial statement. Sales, Inventory, Cost of goods sold, AR, and cash are affected by the revenue cycle’s transactions. Files, temporary and permanent files are opened as a result from the revenue cycle. Some examples are, sales order files, shipping log, credit records file, back order file, journal vouchers, . Access Controls it’s used to grant authorization and permission to employee and access to the firm’s assets, such as the physical assets, cash and inventories. Ways in protecting these assets are: warehouse security, Daily cash deposits, safe/night deposit box, using safes. Access control over information involves restricting access to documents that control physical assets, such as journals and ledgers. Examples of the access risk: Removing one’s account from Account receivables ledger, do so he company can’t send the customer monthly statements. Access to sales order might trigger unauthorized shipment of a product. Access to general ledger and cash might steal and cover it up by adjusting the ledgers. Independent Verification the main reason independent verification is to verify and assure how accurate and complete the tasks are. Independent verification occur at various point is the process, so that errors are detected and dealt with quickly. Independent Verification in the revenue cycle occur at the following points. First, The shipping department reconciled the goods sent from warehouse with the quantity and type ordered by the customer. this is done by reconciling the stock release document with the packing slip. Second, The billing department reconciles sales ordered with the shipping notice to ensure sending the right invoice with the quantities and prices ordered by the customer. Last, Before posting to any control accounts, the general ledger function reconciles various journal vouchers and summary reports which were prepared independently. Other Controls include verifying approved buyer, this is not frequently used, but sometimes a purchase order might be completed and signed by and unauthorized person from the client company. Stamp approval on sales order. It is possible for sales orders to be fraudulently routed around the credit department and sent to the warehouse,s o an approval stamp to be used on each sales order. Prenumber sales order forms. Only prenumbered sales order documents should be used. By doing so, the company can track which sales order numbers did not reach the billing department, which may indicate that a delivery was not invoiced. Lock up unused sales order forms. It is possible for someone to enter an order to a shell company on an unused sales order form, fraudulently stamp it as approved by the credit department, and route it to the warehouse as authorization for a delivery. References. 1. Whittington, O.Ray, and Pany,Kurt.(2001).Principles of Auditing and other assurance services.13th edition.New York: Irwin. 2. Hermanson, Roger, and Strawser, Jerry, and Strawser, Robert.(1989).Auditing Theory and Practice.5th edition. Boston: Irwin. 3. Bragg, Steven. 2009. Accounting Control: Best Practices. New Jersey: Wiley & Sons Inc. 4. Hall, James. Accounting Information Systems. 7th edition. Ohio. Cengage Learning. 5. Wilkinson, Joseph and Cerullo, Micheal and Wong-on-Wing, Bernard and Raval, Vasant .2000 .Accounting Information Systems: Essential Concepts and Applications.Wiley 6. Mooney, Kate. 2008. The essential accounting dictionary. 1st edition. Illinois: Sphinx Publishing, An imprint of sourcebooks, inc.